Philosophical analysis of the ideas of Joseph Volotsky on the symphony of authoritie

The paper analyzes social and philosophical approaches to the problem of forming the idea of power in the Russian medieval society. It was established that the Russian religious thought appeared to be one of the main forces in the problem on foundations and limits of the state power, in particular, the thought formed among representatives of the black (monastic) clergy. Trends that determined ideological and practical models of the state authorities’ behavior were studied. An attempt was made to assess the degree of significance and the subsequent influence on the Russian model of the factors transferring the idea of the primacy of the Byzantine emperor power in the system of Byzantium church-state relations into the system of the church-princely relations. The influence of the Church of Constantinople falling authority due to its loss of first religious and then of political sovereignty on the attitude of the Russian Orthodoxy representatives towards it was studied. Ambiguity of the Ecumenical Church model perception by the Russian monastics was emphasized. When analyzing a church source, the aspect of theological justifications of the princely power nature was considered, and the most important trends that influenced formation of the Russian princes political independence were highlighted, in particular, the dynastic marriage of Ivan III. Studying the social and philosophical component of the Joseph Volotsky views on the fundamental ideas of the political power demonstrated that Joseph Volotsky pointed position of supporters of the strong and materially secure Church supporting the state political institutions. Particular attention was paid to studying the main work by Joseph Volotsky, which made it possible to identify his position regarding the limits of the prince power. Dependence of the political princely power on his moral conditions was shown, its unconditional and conditional boundaries were determined. Desire of a prince to fulfill the Christian commandments was influencing the Hegumen Joseph position on the necessity to submit to the princely power. This dependence is a feature of the Christian law perception in Russia and does not indicate copying the Byzantine religious experience, but its creative assimilation and transformation.

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