The paradigms of the methodology of science and methodological culture of a scientist

The article considers methodological culture of a scientist, its content and conditions of forming. The main paradigms of the methodology of science are reconstructed: monistic, pluralistic and their variants. The principal impossibility of realizing the monistic paradigm of the methodology of science in real science is shown. This is due to two factors: a qualitative variety of objects of scientific knowledge and a structural variety of areas, levels, scientific disciplines and types of scientific knowledge. A critical analysis of the pluralistic paradigm of the methodology of science in its anarchist version (P. Feyerabend) is given. The system-pluralistic model of the methodology of science is substantiated as the most adequate to real science.

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