External and Internal Challenges and Threats to National Security

It has been established that the national security of Russia appears as a system of coordinated and interconnected actions of the state, society and citizens to protect national interests and ensure security in general. The levels of actualization of external challenges and threats to national security have been identified and analyzed, the features of actualization of international risks in the conditions of stability of the international situation and in the conditions of transition to a multipolar world have been determined. Such challenges to national security at the meta-level as military and economic confrontation have been studied. Internal threats actualized at the macro-level of functioning of the national security system have been identified, which include economic, environmental, technical and technical risks and challenges, as well as problems of national health, education, culture, ideological, moral and spiritual development of society and citizens. The specifics of manifestation of challenges and threats to national security at the micro-level have been revealed, the role of interethnic and interfaith conflicts in destabilization and chaos in the development of society and citizens has been shown. The relationship between external risks and risks arising within the country, as well as their impact on the activities of the national security system, is analyzed and characterized. The goals, means and subjects of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation in accordance with the National Security Strategy are identified. The features and specifics of threats and risks of chaotic development in modern conditions, the possibilities of ensuring national interests and security by timely and adequately identifying their sources and preventing the actualization of negative consequences are determined.

EDN OCYEQB

References
[1] Gadzhiev K.S. Vneshnyaya politika v pole peresecheniya morali i nravstvennosti [Foreign policy at the intersection of morality and ethics]. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya — World Economy and International Relations, 2011, no. 10, pp. 59–72. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2011-10-59-72
[2] Kokorin S.A., Boldyrev Yu.F. Mirovoe soobschestvo i borba s terrorizmom: istoriya i sovremennost [The world community and the fight against terrorism: history and the present]. Volgograd, Panorama Publ., 2007, 448 p.
[3] Shakhnazarov G.Kh. Sovremennaya tsivilizatsiya i Rossiya [Modern civilization and Russia]. Moscow, Voskresenie Publ., 2003, 324 p.
[4] Kantor K.M. Rossiya — beta-patternalnyy ansambl [Russia as a beta-patternal ensemble]. Voprosy filosofii, 2012, no. 12, pp. 73–85.
[5] Stepanov O.A. Protivodeystvie kiberterrorizmu v tsifrovuyu epokhu: monografiya [Countering cyberterrorism in the digital age: Monograph]. Moscow, Yurait Publ., 2025, 103 p.
[6] Chvyakin V.A. Sotsiologicheskiy analiz problem protivodeystviya riskam i ugrozam terrorizma s uchetom sotsialnoy effektivnosti [Sociological analysis of countering the risks and threats of terrorism with regard to social effectiveness]. Sotsialno-gumanitarnye znaniya — Social and humanitarian knowledge, 2020, no. 6, pp. 210–222.
[7] Osavelyuk E.A. Natsionalnaya bezopasnost Rossii: sravnitelnyy analiz, ponyatie, opredeleniya i tendentsii [National security of Russia: comparative analysis, concept, definitions, and trends]. Grazhdanin. Vybory. Vlast, 2020, no. 1, pp. 11–33.
[8] Tulupov A.S. Model natsionalnoy bezopasnosti: obschie podkhody i voprosy postroeniya [Model of national security: general approaches and issues of construction]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 6. Ekonomika — Lomonosov Economics Journal, 2023, no. 3, pp. 181–192. https://doi.org/10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-58-3-9